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# Network Analysis

**repo:** [briatte/awesome-network-analysis](https://github.com/briatte/awesome-network-analysis)  
**category:** [[big-data|Big Data]]
**related:** [[python|Python]] · [[data-science|Data Science]]

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# Awesome Network Analysis [![Awesome](https://cdn.rawgit.com/sindresorhus/awesome/d7305f38d29fed78fa85652e3a63e154dd8e8829/media/badge.svg)](https://github.com/sindresorhus/awesome) [![DOI](https://zenodo.org/badge/DOI/10.5281/zenodo.7869481.svg)](https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7869481)

An [awesome list](https://github.com/sindresorhus/awesome) of resources to construct, analyze and visualize network data.

Inspired by [Awesome Deep Learning](https://github.com/ChristosChristofidis/awesome-deep-learning), [Awesome Math](https://github.com/rossant/awesome-math) and others. Started in 2016, and irregularly updated since then.

[![Adamic and Glance’s network of political blogs, 2004.](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/briatte/awesome-network-analysis/master/illustration.png)](http://www.maths.tcd.ie/~mnl/store/AdamicGlance2004a.pdf)

> Network of U.S. political blogs by [Adamic and Glance (2004)](https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?doid=1134271.1134277) ([preprint](http://www.maths.tcd.ie/~mnl/store/AdamicGlance2004a.pdf)).

## Contents

- __[Books](#books)__
  - [Classics](#classics)
  - [Dissemination](#dissemination)
  - [General Overviews](#general-overviews)
  - [Graph Theory](#graph-theory)
  - [Method-specific](#method-specific)
  - [Software-specific](#software-specific)
  - [Topic-specific](#topic-specific)
- __[Conferences](#conferences)__
- __[Courses](#courses)__
- __[Datasets](#datasets)__
- __[Journals](#journals)__
- __[Professional groups](#professional-groups)__
  - [Research Groups (USA)](#research-groups-usa)
  - [Research Groups (Other)](#research-groups-other)
- __[Review Articles](#review-articles)__
  - [Archeological and Historical Networks](#archeological-and-historical-networks)
  - [Bibliographic, Citation and Semantic Networks](#bibliographic-citation-and-semantic-networks)
  - [Biological, Ecological and Disease Networks](#biological-ecological-and-disease-networks)
  - [Complex Networks](#complex-networks)
  - [Ethics of Network Analysis](#ethics-of-network-analysis)
  - [Network Modeling](#network-modeling)
  - [Network Visualization](#network-visualization)
  - [Social, Economic and Political Networks](#social-economic-and-political-networks)
- __[Selected Papers](#selected-papers)__
- __[Software](#software)__
  - [Algorithms](#algorithms)
  - [C / C++](#c--c)
  - [Java](#java)  
  - [JavaScript](#javascript)
  - [Julia](#julia)
  - [MATLAB](#matlab)
  - [Python](#python)
  - [R](#r)
  - [Stata](#stata)
  - [Syntaxes](#syntaxes)
  - [Tutorials](#tutorials)
- __[Varia](#varia)__
  - [Blog Series](#blog-series)
  - [Fictional Networks](#fictional-networks)
  - [Network Science](#network-science)
  - [Small Worlds](#small-worlds)
  - [Two-Mode Networks](#two-mode-networks)
- __[Contributing Guidelines](CONTRIBUTING.md)__
- __[License](#license)__

## Books

### Classics

-   _[A Novitiate in a Period of Change: An Experimental and Case Study of Social Relationships](https://f.briatte.org/temp/sampson1968.pdf)_, by Samuel F. Sampson (unpublished PhD dissertation, 1968).
-   _[Social Network Analysis](https://uk.sagepub.com/en-gb/eur/social-network-analysis/book249668)_, by John Scott (2017).
-   _[Social Network Analysis. Methods and Applications](http://www.cambridge.org/ar/academic/subjects/sociology/sociology-general-interest/social-network-analysis-methods-and-applications)_, by Stanley Wasserman and Katherine Faust (1994).
-   _[The Structure and Dynamics of Networks](http://press.princeton.edu/titles/8114.html)_, edited by Mark E.J. Newman, Albert-László Barabási and Duncan J. Watts - 600 pages of classic network analysis articles (2006).

### Dissemination

> Accessible introductions aimed at non-technical audiences.

-   _[Connected: The Surprising Power of Our Social Networks and How They Shape Our Lives](http://www.connectedthebook.com/)_, by Nicholas A. Christakis and James H. Fowler (2009).
-   _[Linked: The New Science of Networks](https://barabasi.com/book/linked)_, by Albert-László Barabási (2002).
-   _[Network Literacy: Essential Concepts and [Core](/@harrisonqian/awesome/wiki/platforms/core) ideas](https://sites.google.com/a/binghamton.edu/netscied/teaching-learning/network-concepts)_, by the NetSciEd team (c. 2016) - Available in several languages ([paper](https://academic.oup.com/comnet/article-abstract/4/3/457/1745356)).
-   _[Nexus. Small Worlds and the Groundbreaking Theory of Networks](http://books.wwnorton.com/books/Nexus/)_, by Mark Buchanan (2003).
-   _[Six Degrees: The Science of a Connected Age](http://books.wwnorton.com/books/detail.aspx?ID=7599)_, by Duncan J. Watts (2003).

### General Overviews

-   _[L'analyse de réseau en sciences sociales. Petit guide pratique](https://hal.science/hal-04052709)_, by Laurent Beauguitte, in French (2023). [Readable online](https://beauguitte.[github](/@harrisonqian/awesome/wiki/development-environment/github).io/analyse-de-reseau-en-shs/).
-   _[The Atlas for the Aspiring Network Scientist](https://www.networkatlas.eu/)_, by Michele Coscia (2021).
-   _[Encyclopedia of Social Networks](http://sk.sagepub.com/reference/socialnetworks)_, edited by George A. Barnett - Covers all sorts of network-related themes (many of them not formal) as well as social network analysis (2011).
-   _[Encyclopedia of Social Network Analysis and Mining](https://www.springer.com/us/book/9781461461692)_, edited by Reda Alhajj and Jon Rokne (2014).
-   _[A First Course in Network Science](https://www.cambridge.org/us/academic/subjects/physics/statistical-physics/first-course-network-science)_, by Filippo Menczer, Santo Fortunato, and Clayton A. Davis - [Tutorials](/@harrisonqian/awesome/wiki/computer-science/tutorials), [datasets](/@harrisonqian/awesome/wiki/miscellaneous/datasets) and other resouces [on GitHub](https://github.com/CambridgeUniversityPress/FirstCourseNetworkScience) (2020).
-   _[Network Science](http://networksciencebook.com)_, by Albert-László Barabási - Full book online (2016).
-   _[Network Science](http://www.nap.edu/catalog/11516/network-science)_, by the U.S. National Research Council - Full book online (2005).
-   _[Network Science: Theory and Practice](http://eu.wiley.com/WileyCDA/WileyTitle/productCd-1118211014.html)_, by Ted G. Lewis (2011).
-   _[Networks. An Introduction](http://www-personal.umich.edu/~mejn/networks-an-introduction/)_, by Mark E.J. Newman (2010).
-   _[Networks, Crowds, and Markets: Reasoning About a Highly Connected World](https://www.cs.cornell.edu/home/kleinber/networks-book/)_, by David Easley and Jon Kleinberg - Full pre-publication draft ([review](http://bactra.org/reviews/networks-crowds-markets.html); 2010).
-   _[Réseaux sociaux et structures relationnelles](https://www.puf.com/content/R%C3%A9seaux_sociaux_et_structures_relationnelles)_, by Emmanuel Lazega, in French (2014).
-   _[The SAGE Handbook of Social Network Analysis](https://methods.sagepub.com/book/the-sage-handbook-of-social-network-analysis)_, edited by John Scott and Peter J. Carrington (2011).
-   _[Sociologie des réseaux sociaux](http://pierremerckle.fr/2011/02/sociologie-des-reseaux-sociaux/)_, by Pierre Mercklé, in French (2011).
-   _[Social and Economic Networks](https://press.princeton.edu/books/paperback/9780691148205/social-and-economic-networks)_, by Matthew O. Jackson (2008).
-   _[Social Network Analysis with Applications](https://www.wiley.com/en-gb/Social+Network+Analysis+with+Applications-p-9781118169476)_, by Ian McCulloh, Helen Armstrong and Anthony Johnson (2013).
-   _[Social Networks. An Introduction](https://olizardo.[github](/@harrisonqian/awesome/wiki/development-environment/github).io/networks-textbook/)_, by Omar Lizardo and Isaac Jilbert - free to read online (2023).
-   _[Social Networks: An Introduction](https://www.routledge.com/products/9780415458030)_, by Jeroen Bruggeman ([related material](https://sites.google.com/site/introsocnet/); 2008).
-   _[Studying Social Networks. A Guide to Empirical Research](http://press.uchicago.edu/ucp/books/book/distributed/S/bo15475096.html)_, by Marina Hennig _et al._ (2013).
-   _[Understanding Social Networks. Theories, Concepts, and Findings](https://global.oup.com/academic/product/understanding-social-networks-9780195379471)_, by Charles Kadushin (2012).

### Graph Theory

-   _[Combinatorics and Graph Theory](https://www.springer.com/us/book/9780387797106)_, by John Harris, Jeffry L. Hirst and Michael Mossinghoff (2008).
-   _[The Fascinating World of Graph Theory](http://press.princeton.edu/titles/10314.html)_, by Arthur Benjamin, Gary Chartrand and Ping Zhang (2015).
-   _[Graph Theory](https://www.springer.com/us/book/9781846289699)_, by John A. Bondy and Uppaluri S.R. Murty (2008).
-   _[Graph Theory](http://diestel-graph-theory.com/)_, by Reinhard Diestel - Full book online, also in Chinese and German (2016).
-   _[Graph Theory](http://www.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/705364.pdf)_, by Frank Harary - Full book online (1969).
-   _[Graphs & Digraphs](https://www.crcpress.com/Graphs--Digraphs-Sixth-Edition/Chartrand-Lesniak-Zhang/p/book/9781498735766)_, by Gary Chartrand, Linda Lesniak and Ping Zhang (2016).
-   _[Introduction to Combinatorics and Graph Theory](https://www.whitman.edu/mathematics/cgt_online/cgt.pdf)_, by David Guichard - Full book online (2016).
-   _[Modern Graph Theory](https://www.springer.com/us/book/9780387984889)_, by Belá Bollobás (1998).

### Method-specific

-   _[Bayesian Networks in R with Applications in Systems Biology](https://www.springer.com/fr/book/9781461464457)_, by Radhakrishnan Nagarajan, Marco Scutari and Sophie Lèbre ([website](http://www.bnlearn.com/book-useR/); 2013).
-   _[Bayesian Networks with Examples in R](http://www.crcpress.com/product/isbn/9781482225587)_, by Marco Scutari and Jean-Baptiste Denis ([website](http://www.bnlearn.com/book-crc/); 2014).
-   _[The Book of Trees. Visualizing Branches of Knowledge](https://papress.com/products/the-book-of-trees-visualizing-branches-of-knowledge)_, by Manuel Lima - Hundreds of beautiful tree diagrams, from all periods of history (2014).
-   _[Exponential Random Graph Models for Social Networks](http://www.cambridge.org/9780521193566)_, edited by Dean Lusher, Johan Koskinen and Garry Robins (2013).
-   _[Generalized Blockmodeling. Structural Analysis in the Social Sciences](http://www.cambridge.org/de/academic/subjects/sociology/sociology-general-interest/generalized-blockmodeling)_, by Patrick Doreian, Vladimir Batagelj and Anuška Ferligoj (2004).
-   _[Handbook of Graph Drawing and Visualization](https://www.crcpress.com/Handbook-of-Graph-Drawing-and-Visualization/Tamassia/9781584884125)_, edited by Roberto Tamassia ([chapter proofs](https://cs.brown.edu/~rt/gdhandbook/); 2013).
-   _[Handbuch Historische Netzwerkforschung. Grundlagen und Anwendungen](http://www.lit-verlag.de/isbn/3-643-11705-2)_, edited by Marten Düring _et al._, in German (2016).
-   _[An Introduction to Exponential Random Graph Modeling](https://uk.sagepub.com/en-gb/eur/an-introduction-to-exponential-random-graph-modeling/book237737)_, by Jenine K. Harris (2014).
-   _[Knoten und Kanten. Soziale Netzwerkanalyse in Wirtschafts- und Migrationsforschung](http://www.transcript-verlag.de/978-3-8376-1311-7/knoten-und-kanten)_, edited by Markus Gamper and Linda Reschke, in German (2010).
-   _[Knoten und Kanten 2.0. Soziale Netzwerkanalyse in Medienforschung und Kulturanthropologie](http://www.transcript-verlag.de/978-3-8376-1927-0/knoten-und-kanten-2.0)_, edited by Markus Gamper, Linda Reschke and Michael Schönhuth, in German (2012).
-   _[Knoten und Kanten III. Soziale Netzwerkanalyse in Geschichts- und Politikforschung](https://www.transcript-verlag.de/978-3-8376-2742-8/knoten-und-kanten-iii)_, edited by Markus Gamper, Linda Reschke and Marten Düring, in German and English (2015).
-   _[Inferential Network Analysis](https://www.cambridge.org/highereducation/books/inferential-network-analysis/A7797D36A24647AA1F900CE7EF694C7E)_, by Skyler J. Cranmer, Bruce A. Desmarais and Jason Morgan (2020).
-   _[Multilayer Social Networks](http://multilayer.it.uu.se/book.html)_, by Mark E. Dickison, Matteo Magnani and Luca Rossi (2016).
-   _[Multilevel Network Analysis for the Social Sciences](https://www.springer.com/fr/book/9783319245188)_, edited by Emmanuel Lazega and Tom A.B. Snijders (2016).
-   _[Multimodal Political Networks](https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/multimodal-political-networks/43EE8C192A1B0DCD65B4D9B9A7842128)_, by David Knoke, Mario Diani, James Hollway and Dimitri Christopulos (2021).
-   _[Multivariate Network Visualization](https://www.springer.com/us/book/9783319067926)_, edited by Andreas Kerren, Helen C. Purchase and Matthew O. Ward (2014).
-   _[Network Analysis in Archaeology](https://global.oup.com/academic/product/network-analysis-in-archaeology-9780199697090)_, edited by Carl Knappett (2013; [review in French](https://doi.org/10.4000/nda.2383)).
-   _[Network Analysis: Methodological Foundations](https://www.springer.com/fr/book/9783540249795)_, edited by Ulrik Brandes and Thomas Erlebach - Covers network centrality, clustering, blockmodels, spatial networks and more (2005).
-   _[Political Networks. The Structural Perspective](http://www.cambridge.org/ar/academic/subjects/sociology/political-sociology/political-networks-structural-perspective)_, by David Knoke (1994).
-   _[Social Network Analysis for Ego-Nets: Social Network Analysis for Actor-Centred Networks](https://uk.sagepub.com/en-gb/eur/social-network-analysis-for-ego-nets/book240391)_, by Nick Crossley _et al._ (2015).
-   _[Understanding Large Temporal Networks and Spatial Networks](https://www.wiley.com/en-gb/Understanding+Large+Temporal+Networks+and+Spatial+Networks%3A+Exploration%2C+Pattern+Searching%2C+Visualization+and+Network+Evolution-p-9780470714522)_, by Vladimir Batagelj _et al._ (2014).

### Software-specific

-   _[Algorithmic Graph Theory and Sage](https://code.google.com/archive/p/graphbook/)_, by David Joyner, Minh Van Nguyen, and David Phillips - Full book online (2013).
-   _[Analyzing Social Networks](https://sites.google.com/site/analyzingsocialnetworks/)_ (using UCINET), by Stephen P. Borgatti, Martin G. Everett and Jeffrey C. Johnson (2013).
-   _[A User’s Guide to Network Analysis in R](https://www.springer.com/us/book/9783319238821)_, by Douglas A. Luke (2015).
-   _[Data Science and Complex Networks: Real Case Studies with Python](https://global.oup.com/academic/product/data-science-and-complex-networks-9780199639601)_, by Guido Caldarelli and Alessandro Chessa (2016).
-   _[Exploratory Social Network Analysis with Pajek](http://www.cambridge.org/us/academic/subjects/sociology/research-methods-sociology-and-criminology/exploratory-social-network-analysis-pajek-2nd-edition)_, by Wouter de Nooy, Andrej Mrvar and Vladimir Batagelj (2011; also [in Japanese](http://www.tdupress.jp/books/isbn978-4-501-54710-3.html) and [in Chinese](http://product.dangdang.com/22927985.html)).
-   _[Gephi Cookbook](https://www.packtpub.com/big-data-and-business-intelligence/gephi-cookbook)_ (2015).
-   _[Graph Drawing Software](http://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-642-18638-7)_ (covering many programs), edited by Michael Jünger and Petra Mutzel (2004).
-   _[Introduction to Social Network Methods](http://faculty.ucr.edu/~hanneman/nettext/)_ (using mostly UCINET), by Robert A. Hanneman and Mark Riddle - Full book online (2001).
-   _[Mastering Gephi Network Visualization](https://www.packtpub.com/networking-and-servers/mastering-gephi-network-visualization)_, by Ken Cherven (2015).
-   _Network Analysis with R/igraph_, by Gabor Csárdi, Thomas Nepusz and Eduardo M. Airoldi (in preparation).
-   _Network Analysis with [Python](/@harrisonqian/awesome/wiki/programming-languages/python)/igraph_, by Thomas Nepusz, Gabor Csárdi and Eduardo M. Airoldi (in preparation).
-   _[Network Graph Analysis and Visualization with Gephi](https://www.packtpub.com/big-data-and-business-intelligence/network-graph-analysis-and-visualization-gephi)_, by Ken Cherven (2013).
-   _[R for Social Network Analysis](https://schochastics.[github](/@harrisonqian/awesome/wiki/development-environment/github).io/R4SNA/)_ (R4SNA), by Termeh Shafie and David Schoch (work in progress).
-   _[Social Network Analysis for Startups. Finding Connections on the Social Web](http://shop.oreilly.com/product/0636920020424.do)_ (using Python), by Maksim Tsvetovat and Alexander Kouznetsov ([code](https://github.com/maksim2042/SNABook); 2011).
-   _[Statistical Analysis of Network Data with R](http://www.springer.com/us/book/9781493909827)_, by Eric D. Kolaczyk and Gabor Csárdi ([R package](https://github.com/kolaczyk/sand); 2014).

### Topic-specific

-   _[Communities and Networks: Using Social Network Analysis to Rethink Urban and Community Studies](http://eu.wiley.com/WileyCDA/WileyTitle/productCd-0745654207.html)_, by Katherine Giuffre (2013).
-   _[Comparing Policy Networks. Labor Politics in the U.S., Germany, and Japan](http://www.cambridge.org/ar/academic/subjects/politics-international-relations/comparative-politics/comparing-policy-networks-labor-politics-us-germany-and-japan)_, by David Knoke _et al._ (1996).
-   _[Conducting Personal Network Research: A Practical Guide](https://www.routledge.com/Conducting-Personal-Network-Research-A-Practical-Guide/McCarty-Lubbers-Vacca-Molina/p/book/9781462538386)_, by Christopher McCarty _et al._ (2019).
    - _[Egocentric Network Analysis with R](https://raffaelevacca.[github](/@harrisonqian/awesome/wiki/development-environment/github).io/egocentric-r-book/)_ - An online book/tutorial that covers a lot of similar ground.
-   _[The Connected Past. Challenges to Network Studies in Archaeology and History](https://global.oup.com/academic/product/the-connected-past-9780198748519)_ edited by Tom Brughmans, Anna Collar and Fiona Coward (2016; [companion website](http://connectedpast.net/)).
-   _[The Development of Social Network Analysis: A Study in the Sociology of Science](http://moreno.ss.uci.edu/)_, by Linton C. Freeman, in English and several other languages (2004; [follow-up paper, 2011](http://moreno.ss.uci.edu/91.pdf)).
-   _[Dynamical Networks in Psychology: More Than A Pretty Picture?](https://www.researchgate.net/publication/308874807_Dynamical_networks_in_psychology_More_than_a_pretty_picture)_, by Laura Bringmann (2016; PhD dissertation).
-   _[Dynamical Processes on Complex Networks](http://www.cambridge.org/catalogue/catalogue.asp?isbn=9780521879507)_, by Alain Barrat, Marc Barthélemy and Alessandro Vespignani (2008).
-   _[Economic Networks: Theory and Computation](https://networks.quantecon.org/)_, by John Stachurski and Thomas J. Sargent (2022).
-   _[Fundamentals of Brain Network Analysis](https://www.elsevier.com/books/fundamentals-of-brain-network-analysis/fornito/978-0-12-407908-3)_, by Alex Fornito, Andrew Zalesky and Edward Bullmore (2016).
-   _[Inside Criminal Networks](https://www.springer.com/us/book/9780387095257)_, by Carlo Morselli (2009).
-   _[Neighbor Networks. Competitive Advantage Local and Personal](https://global.oup.com/academic/product/neighbor-networks-9780199570690)_, by Ronald S. Burt (2010).
-   _[Network Analysis Literacy. A Practical Approach to the Analysis of Networks](https://www.springer.com/us/book/9783709107409)_, by Katharina A. Zweig (2016).
-   _[Networks in Social Policy Problems](http://www.cambridge.org/mx/academic/subjects/physics/statistical-physics/networks-social-policy-problems)_, edited by Balázs Vedres and Marco Scotti (2012).
-   _[The Oxford Handbook of the [Economics](/@harrisonqian/awesome/wiki/miscellaneous/economics) of Networks](https://global.oup.com/academic/product/the-oxford-handbook-of-the-economics-of-networks-9780199948277)_, edited by Yann Bramoullé, Andrea Galeotti and Brian Rogers (2016).
-   _[Policy Debates as Dynamic Networks: German Pension Politics and Privatization Discourse](http://www.campus.de/buecher-campus-verlag/wissenschaft/politikwissenschaft/policy_debates_as_dynamic_networks-10287.html)_, by Philip Leifeld (2016).
-   _[Small Worlds: The Dynamics of Networks between Order and Randomness](http://press.princeton.edu/titles/6768.html)_, by Duncan J. Watts (2003).
-   _[Theories of Communication Networks](https://global.oup.com/academic/product/theories-of-communication-networks-9780195160376)_, by Peter Monge and Nosh Contractor (2003).
-   _[The Chessboard and the Web. Strategies of Connection in a Networked World](http://yalebooks.yale.edu/book/9780300215649/chessboard-and-web)_, by Anne-Marie Slaughter (2017); applies network science to world politics.
-   _[Towards Relational Sociology](https://www.routledge.com/products/9780415480147)_, by Nick Crossley (2011).
-   _[Die Verbundenheit der Dinge. Eine Kulturgeschichte der Netze und Netzwerke [The Connectedness of Things. A Cultural History of Nets and Networks]](http://www.kulturverlag-kadmos.de/buch/die-verbundenheit-der-dinge.html)_, by Sebastian Gießmann, in German (2014).
-   _[Verdeckte soziale Netzwerke im Nationalsozialismus. Die Entstehung und Arbeitsweise von Berliner Hilfsnetzwerken für verfolgte Juden [Hidden Social Networks in National Socialism: The origins and working methods of Berlin assistance networks for persecuted Jews]](http://www.degruyter.com/view/product/432196)_, by Marten Düring, in German (2015; [related publications](http://martenduering.com/research/covert-networks-during-the-holocaust/) and [video presentation in English](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SlQ7stSU-9w)).
-   _[Visualisierung komplexer Strukturen. Grundlagen der Darstellung mehrdimensionaler Netzwerke](http://www.campus.de/buecher-campus-verlag/wissenschaft/soziologie/visualisierung_komplexer_strukturen-2467.html)_, by Lothar Krempel, in German.

## Conferences

> Recurring conferences on network analysis.

-   [ASONAM - IEEE/ACM International Conference on Advances in Social Networks Analysis and Mining](http://asonam.cpsc.ucalgary.ca/).
    -   [SNAA - Workshop on Social Network Analysis in Applications](http://snaa.pwr.edu.pl/).
-   [CNDay - Cambridge Networks Day](http://www.cnn.group.cam.ac.uk/cambridge-networks-day) - Convened by the Cambridge Networks Network.
-   [CompleNet - International Workshop on Complex Networks](http://complenet.org/).
-   [EUSN - European Conference on Social Networks](http://eusn.org/).
-   [GD - International Symposium on Graph Drawing and Network Visualization](http://www.graphdrawing.org/symposia.html).
-   [PolNet - Annual Political Networks Workshops and Conference](http://conference.polinetworks.org/) - Organized by the APSA Organized Section on Political Networks (PolNet).
    -   [Videos from the Political Networks 2009 Conference](https://vimeo.com/user2690333).
-   [NetSci - International School and Conference on Social Networks](http://www.netscisociety.net/) - Organized by the Network Science Society (NetSci).
    -   [Large-scale Structures in Networks: Hidden [Communities](/@harrisonqian/awesome/wiki/work/communities) and Latent Hierarchies](http://danlarremore.com/CommunityDetection_and_Ranking_Larremore_2019.pdf) - Talk by [Dan Larremore](http://danlarremore.com/) at NetSci 2019.
-   [Sunbelt - Social Networks Conference of the International Network for Social Network Analysis](http://www.insna.org/archives.html) - Organized by the International Network for Social Network Analysis (INSNA).

## Courses

-   [Complex Networks](http://cazabetremy.fr/Teaching/ComplexNetworks.html), by Rémy Cazabet (University Lyon 1 and ENS Lyon, 2022).
    -   [Network Science CheatSheets](https://github.com/Yquetzal/NetworkScience_CheatSheets).
-   [Complex Networks](https://www.uvm.edu/~pdodds/teaching/courses/2016-01UVM-303/), by Peter Sheridan Dodds (University of Vermont, 2016).
    -   [Tarot Cards for Principles of [Complex Systems](/@harrisonqian/awesome/wiki/theory/complex-systems) and Complex Networks](https://www.uvm.edu/~pdodds/teaching/courses/2016-01UVM-303/tarotcards/).
-   [Graph Theory and Applications](http://www.hamilton.ie/ollie/Downloads/Graph.pdf), by Paul Van Dooren - Full lecture slides (Hamilton Institute, Dublin, 2009).
-   [Graph Theory (Mathematics)](http://www.personal.psu.edu/cxg286/Math485.pdf), by Christopher Griffin - Full lecture notes (Penn State University, 2012).
-   [Graphs and Networks](https://sites.google.com/a/yale.edu/462-562-graphs-and-networks/), by Dan Spielman (Yale University, 2013).
-   [Network Analysis and Modeling (Computer Science)](https://aaronclauset.[github](/@harrisonqian/awesome/wiki/development-environment/github).io/courses/5352/), by Aaron Clauset - Full lecture slides and readings (University of Colorado, 2022).
-   [Networks, Complexity and Its Applications (Media Arts and Sciences)](http://ocw.mit.edu/courses/media-arts-and-sciences/mas-961-networks-complexity-and-its-applications-spring-2011/), by Cesar Hidalgo (MIT, 2011).
-   [Networks, Crowds and Markets](https://www.edx.org/course/networks-crowds-markets-cornellx-info2040x-2), by David Easley, Jon Kleinberg and Eva Tardos ([presentation](https://www.cornell.edu/video/cornellx-networks-crowds-and-markets); Cornell University via edX, 2016).
-   [Networks (Economics)](https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/economics/14-15j-networks-spring-2018/), by Mardavij Roozbehani and Evan Sadler (MIT, 2018).
    -   [Networks (Economics)](https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/119628), by Daron Acemoglu and Asu Ozdaglar (MIT, 2009).
-   [Network Science (Computer Science)](http://www.cc.gatech.edu/~dovrolis/Courses/NetSci/), by Constantine Dovrolis - Mostly open access readings (Georgia Tech, 2015).
    
-   [Political Networks: Methods and Applications](http://vanity.dss.ucdavis.edu/~maoz/networks/Spring%202011/pol279-11.htm), by Zeev Maoz (University of California in Davis, 2012).
-   [Social and Economic Networks: Models and Analysis](https://www.coursera.org/course/networksonline), by Matthew O. Jackson (Stanford University via Coursera, 2015).
-   [Social Network Analysis](https://www.coursera.org/course/sna), by Lada Adamic (University of Michigan via Coursera, not yet run).
-   [Social Network Analysis](http://www.mjdenny.com/workshops/SN_Theory_I.pdf) and [Intermediate Social Network Theory](http://www.mjdenny.com/workshops/Relational_Theory_Workshop.pdf), by Matthew J. Denny - Workshop notes and slides (2014–5).
-   [Social Network Analysis with Pajek](http://mrvar.fdv.uni-lj.si/sola/info4/), by Andrej Mrvar (University of Ljubljana, 2016).
-   [Social Networks](http://dennisfeehan.org/teaching/201701_demog260.html), by Dennis M. Feehan (University of Berkeley, 2017).
-   [The Structure of Information Networks](https://www.cs.cornell.edu/Courses/cs6850/2008fa/), by Jon Kleinberg - Links to many diverse readings (Cornell University, 2008).

## Datasets

-   [Animal Social Network Repository](https://bansallab.[github](/@harrisonqian/awesome/wiki/development-environment/github).io/asnr/) - Large “[multi-species repository of social networks](https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-019-0056-z).”
-   [Bayesian Network Repository](http://www.bnlearn.com/bnrepository/).
-   [Bill Cosponsorship Networks in European Parliaments](https://github.com/briatte/parlnet) - Legislative cosponsorship networks, in R format.
-   [Colorado Index of Complex Networks (ICON)](https://icon.colorado.edu/) - Large collection of networks described and indexed by Aaron Clauset’s research group.
-   [Connectome](http://awesome.cs.jhu.edu/graph-services/download/) - Comprehensive maps of neural connections.
-   [Enron Email Dataset](https://www.cs.cmu.edu/~enron/).
-   [Eric D. Kolaczyk’s Network Datasets](http://math.bu.edu/people/kolaczyk/datasets.html).
-   [Gephi Datasets](https://github.com/gephi/gephi/wiki/Datasets).
-   [Hetionet: an integrative network of disease](https://github.com/hetio/hetionet) - A complex biological network, available in multiple formats, including [JSON](/@harrisonqian/awesome/wiki/miscellaneous/json) and [Neo4j](https://neo4j.het.io/browser/).
-   [igraphdata](https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=igraphdata) - R data-centric package.
-   [igraphwalshdata](https://cran.r-project.org/package=igraphwalshdata) - Another R data-centric package.
-   [Interaction Web Database](http://www.ecologia.ib.usp.br/iwdb/) - Ecological species interactions.
-   [International Currencies 1890-1910](http://eh.net/database/international-currencies-1890-1910/) - Historical data on the international connections between 45 currencies.
-   [KONECT - The Koblenz Network Collection](http://konect.uni-koblenz.de/) - Includes, among other things, networks of collaboration in DBpedia and Wikipedia, [GitHub](/@harrisonqian/awesome/wiki/development-environment/github) ([companion handbook](https://arxiv.org/abs/1402.5500)).
    
-   [Linton Freeman’s Network Data](http://moreno.ss.uci.edu/data.html) - Over 300 [datasets](/@harrisonqian/awesome/wiki/miscellaneous/datasets) of all sorts, in UCINET format.
-   [Mangal](http://mangal.io/) - Online platform to analyze, archive and share ecological network data ([preprint](https://doi.org/10.1101/002634), [Python package](https://github.com/mangal-wg/pymangal), [R package](https://github.com/mangal-wg/rmangal)).
-   [Manlio De Domenico’s Complex Multilayer Networks](https://manliodedomenico.com/data.php).
-   [Mark E.J. Newman’s Network Data](http://www-personal.umich.edu/~mejn/netdata/) ([example visualizations](http://www-personal.umich.edu/~mejn/networks/)).
-   [Network Repository](http://networkrepository.com/) - Fully searchable [database](/@harrisonqian/awesome/wiki/databases/database) containing hundreds of real-world networks.
-   [Network Science Book - Network Datasets](http://networksciencebook.com/translations/en/resources/data.html) - Network data sets from Albert-László Barabási’s _Network Science_ book. Includes data on IMDB actors, arXiv scientific collaboration, network of routers, the US power grid, protein-protein interactions, cell phone users, citation networks, metabolic reactions, e-mail networks, and nd.edu Web pages.
    
-   [Norwegian Interlocking Directorate, 2002-2011](http://www.boardsandgender.com/data.php) - Two-mode and one-mode data on gender representation in Norwegian firms.
-   [Movie galaxies](http://moviegalaxies.com/) - A [database](/@harrisonqian/awesome/wiki/databases/database) of movie characters interaction graphs.
-   [Pajek Datasets](http://vlado.fmf.uni-lj.si/pub/networks/data/).
-   [Philosophers Networks from Randall Collins’s _The Sociology of Philosophies_](https://www.uva.nl/profiel/n/o/w.denooy/w.denooy.html#tab_1).
-   [Siena Datasets](http://www.stats.ox.ac.uk/~snijders/siena/siena_datasets.htm).
-   [SocioPatterns Datasets](http://www.sociopatterns.org/datasets/) - Network data obtained through the [SocioPatterns](http://www.sociopatterns.org/) sensing platform.
-   [Stanford Large Network Dataset Collection](https://snap.stanford.edu/data/index.html).
-   [State Networks](https://ippsr.msu.edu/public-policy/state-networks) - US state-to-state relational variables, including borders, travel, trade and more.
-   [tnet Datasets](https://toreopsahl.com/datasets/) - Weighted network data.
-   [UC Berkeley Social Networks Study (UCNets)](https://www.icpsr.umich.edu/web/ICPSR/studies/36975) - Ego-centric data (personal networks) from a five-year panel study.
-   [UCI Network Data Repository](http://networkdata.ics.uci.edu/).
-   [UCINET Datasets](https://sites.google.com/site/ucinetsoftware/datasets) - Network data in UCINET format.

## Journals

> Journals that are not fully open-access are marked as “gated”. Please also note that some of the publishers listed below are [deeply hurting](https://twitter.com/costofknowledge) scientific publishing.

-   _[Applied Network Science](http://appliednetsci.springeropen.com/)_ (Springer Open).
-   _[ARCS – Analyse de réseaux pour les sciences sociales / Network Analysis for the Social Sciences](http://arcs.episciences.org/)_, in English and in French ([GDR ARSHS](https://arshs.hypotheses.org/)).
-   _[Computational and Mathematical Organization Theory](http://link.springer.com/journal/10588)_ (Springer, gated).
-   _[Computational Social Networks](http://computationalsocialnetworks.springeropen.com/)_ (Springer Open).
-   _[Connections](http://www.insna.org/connections.html)_ (INSNA).
-   _[IEEE Transactions on Network Science and Engineering](https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/RecentIssue.jsp?punumber=6488902)_ (IEEE).
-   _[Journal of Complex Networks](https://academic.oup.com/comnet)_ (Oxford, gated).
-   _[The Journal of Mathematical Sociology](http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/gmas20)_ (Taylor & Francis, gated).
-   _[Journal of Social Structure](https://www.exeley.com/journal/journal_of_social_structure)_ (INSNA). [Older archives](http://www.cmu.edu/joss).
-   _[NETCOM. Networks and Communication Studies](https://journals.openedition.org/netcom/)_, in English and in French (Revues.org).
-   _[Network Science](http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayJournal?jid=nws)_ (Cambridge, gated).
-   _[Online Social Networks and Media](https://www.journals.elsevier.com/online-social-networks-and-media/)_ (Elsevier, gated).
-   _[REDES. Revista hispana para el análisis de redes sociales](http://revista-redes.rediris.es/)_, in [Spanish](/@harrisonqian/awesome/wiki/computer-science/spanish) (INSNA).
-   _[Social Network Analysis and Mining](http://link.springer.com/journal/13278)_ (Springer, gated).
-   _[Social Networks](http://ees.elsevier.com/son/default.asp)_ (Elsevier, gated).

## Professional Groups

-   [AFS RT 26 “Réseaux sociaux”](https://afs-socio.fr/rt/rt26/) - Thematic Network of the French Sociological Association (AFS), in French ([old website](https://web.archive.org/web/20160421164221/http://www.cmh.pro.ens.fr/reseaux-sociaux/)).
-   [APSA Political Networks](http://www.polinetworks.org/) - Organized Section of the American Political Science Association (APSA).
-   [ECPR Political Networks SG](https://politicalnetsecpr.wordpress.com/) - Standing Group of the European Consortium for Political Research.
-   [GDR ARSHS - GDR Analyse de réseaux en sciences humaines et sociales](https://arshs.hypotheses.org/), in French - Research group based in Paris.
-   [Groupe FMR - Flux, Matrices, Réseaux](https://groupefmr.hypotheses.org/), in French.
-   [INSNA - International Network for Social Network Analysis](https://www.insna.org/) ([SOCNET mailing-list](https://www.insna.org/socnet)).
-   [Mathematical Sociology Section of the American Sociological Association (ASA)](http://mathematicalsociology.org/).
-   [NetSci - Network Science Society](http://www.netscisociety.net/).
-   [Society of Young Network Scientists (SYNS)](https://society-of-young-network-scientists.[github](/@harrisonqian/awesome/wiki/development-environment/github).io/). Supports early-career network scientists.

### Research Groups (USA)

> Network-focused research centers, (reading) groups, institutes, labs – you name it – based in the USA.

-   [Annenberg Networks Network (ANN)](http://uscann.tumblr.com/) - Research group studying social networks at the University of Southern California.
-   [Center for Applied Network Analysis (CANA)](https://usccana.[github](/@harrisonqian/awesome/wiki/development-environment/github).io/) - Research group based at the University of Southern California School of Medicine.
-   [Channing Division of Network Medicine](http://www.brighamandwomens.org/research/depts/medicine/channing/default.aspx) - Research division within the Department of Medicine at Brigham and Women’s Hospital.
-   [Complex Human Networks Reading Group (CoHN)](http://alumni.media.mit.edu/~tanzeem/cohn/CoHN.htm) - Reading list from a seminar held at MIT in 2001–2.
-   [Duke Network Analysis Center](https://dnac.ssri.duke.edu/).
-   [Interdependence in Governance and Policy Research Group](https://sites.psu.edu/desmaraisgroup/) - Led by Bruce A. Desmarais at Penn State University.
-   [Indiana University Network Science Institute (IUNI)](http://iuni.iu.edu/).
-   [Interdisciplinary Center for Network Science and Applications (iCeNSA) at the University of Notre Dame](http://icensa.com/).
-   [LINKS Center for Social Network Analysis at the Gatton College of Business and [Economics](/@harrisonqian/awesome/wiki/miscellaneous/economics), University of Kentucky](https://sites.google.com/site/uklinkscenter/).
-   [NetSCI Lab at the Rutgers School of Communication and Information](http://netsci.rutgers.edu/).
-   [Network Dynamics Group at the Annenberg School for Communication, University of Pennsylvania](http://ndg.asc.upenn.edu/).
-   [Network Interdependence in Social Systems](http://www.skylercranmer.net/niss-lab/) (NISS Lab) - Led by Skyler J. Cranmer at Ohio State University.
-   [Network Science Center at the U.S. Military Academy (USMA) in West Point](http://www.usma.edu/nsc/) ([blog](http://blog.netsciwestpoint.org/)).
-   [Network Science IGERT at the University of California at Santa Barbara (UCSB)](http://networkscience.igert.ucsb.edu/) - Features an [NSF-funded](http://www.igert.org/) graduate programme.
-   [Networks, Computation, and Social Dynamics Lab](http://www.ncasd.org/) - Headed by Carter T. Butts. Part of the [Center for Networks and Relational Analysis](http://relationalanalysis.org/) (CNRA) at the University of California in Irvine.
-   [Northeastern University Network Science Institute](http://www.networkscienceinstitute.org/) - Features a PhD in Network Science program.
-   [Northeastern University Center for Complex Network Research](https://www.northeastern.edu/research/centers/center-for-complex-network-research-ccnr/) - Led by Albert-László Barabási.
-   [Northeastern University MOBS Lab - Laboratory for the Modeling of Biological and Socio-technical Systems](http://www.mobs-lab.org/) - Led by Alessandro Vespignani.
-   [Pacific Ecoinformatics and Computational Ecology Lab](http://foodwebs.org/) - Non-profit study group of ecological networks (“[food](/@harrisonqian/awesome/wiki/miscellaneous/food) webs”).
-   [Peter J. Mucha’s Research Group at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill](http://mucha.web.unc.edu/networks/).
-   [Stanford Network Analysis Project](https://snap.stanford.edu/), by [Jure Leskovec](https://cs.stanford.edu/~jure/).
-   [Warren Center for Network & Data Sciences at the University of Pennsylvania](http://warrencenter.upenn.edu/).
-   [Yale Institute for Network Science (YINS)](http://yins.yale.edu/).

### Research Groups (Other)

> Network-focused research centers, (reading) groups, institutes, labs – you name it – based outside of the USA.

-   [Cambridge Networks Network (CNN)](http://www.cnn.group.cam.ac.uk/) - Research network on complex networks.
-   [Centre for Business Network Analysis, University of Greenwich](http://www.gre.ac.uk/business/research/centres/cbna/home) - Focused on economic/organisational network analysis.
-   [Center for Network Science, Central European University, Budapest](http://cns.ceu.edu/) - Features a PhD in Network Science program.
-   [Complex Networks](http://www.complexnetworks.fr/) - Research group based in Paris.
-   [Cx-Nets](http://www.cxnets.org/) - Virtual collaboration between four complex networks research groups.
-   [Data Science Group](http://datasciencegroup.pl/) -  Wroclaw-based research group that studies, among many things, complex networks and other network-related topics.
-   [Digital Humanities](http://cmb.huma-num.fr/) - Interdisciplinary group of researchers at the Marc Bloch Centre in Berlin, with many network science projects.
-   [Forschungscluster der Universitäten Trier und Mainz “Gesellschaftliche Abhängigkeiten und soziale Netzwerke”](http://www.netzwerk-exzellenz.uni-trier.de/), in German.
-   [GDR Analyse de réseaux en sciences humaines et sociales](https://arshs.hypotheses.org/) – French research group with funds to support training and workshops on network analysis for social scientists.
-   [Historical Network Research (HNR)](http://historicalnetworkresearch.org/) - Platform for scholars interested in network analysis for historical research.
    -   [HNR Conferences, Workshops and Other Events](http://historicalnetworkresearch.org/hnr-events/).
    -   [HNR Talks](https://vimeo.com/user11811027) - Videos, in German.
-   [ANR-Lab - International Laboratory for Applied Network Research](https://anr.hse.ru/en/) - Russian group based at the National Research University in Moscow.
    -   [Theory and Methods in Network Analysis (“TMSA”) Summer Schools](https://anr.hse.ru/en/summer).
-   [Large Graphs and Networks](http://sites.uclouvain.be/networks/) - Research group at the Catholic University of Louvain ([official page](https://uclouvain.be/en/research-institutes/icteam/large-graphs-and-networks.html)).
-   [MelNet Social Network Research Group, Swinburne University of Technology](http://www.swinburne.edu.au/fbl/research/transformative-innovation/our-research/MelNet-social-network-group/).
-   [Mitchell Centre for Social Network Analysis, University of Manchester](http://www.socialsciences.manchester.ac.uk/mitchell-centre/) - Currently studies [covert networks](http://www.socialsciences.manchester.ac.uk/mitchell-centre/research/covert-networks/).
-   [Murata Laboratory](http://www[.net](/@harrisonqian/awesome/wiki/platforms/net).c.titech.ac.jp/) - Tokyo-based research group, studying bi-, tri- and k-partite (hyper)networks.
-   [NetLab](http://www.urbancentre.utoronto.ca/researchgroups/netlab.html) - Research network at the University of Toronto, led by Barry Wellman.
-   [Network Science Research Centre, Swansea University](http://www.swansea.ac.uk/medicine/enterpriseandinnovation/networkscienceresearchcentre/).
-   [Network Dynamics](http://networkdynamics.org/) - Research Lab at McGill University, led by [Derek Ruths](http://www.derekruths.com/)
-   [Networks, Data, and Society (NERDS)](https://nerds.itu.dk/) - Research group at IT University of Copenhagen.
-   [Netzwerkerei](http://netzwerkerei.org/) - Historical research project on the connections between Jewish intellectuals.
-   [ORIO - Observatoire des Réseaux Intra- et Inter-Organisationnels](http://blogs.sciences-po.fr/recherche-network-organization-institution-dynamics-multilevel/) - A research program on networks and regulation.
    -   [‘Réseaux et Régulation’ Conference Cycle](http://blogs.sciences-po.fr/recherche-network-organization-institution-dynamics-multilevel/sminaire-rseaux-et-rgulation/) - Seminar based at Sciences Po in Paris, France.
-   [Redes-Sociales](http://www.redes-sociales.net/), in [Spanish](/@harrisonqian/awesome/wiki/computer-science/spanish) - Information network based at the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona.
-   [RES-HIST : Réseaux et histoire](https://reshist.hypotheses.org/), in French - Blog posts from a research group on historical networks.
    -   [RES-HIST Conferences](https://reshist.hypotheses.org/?s=res-hist).
-   [SocioPatterns](http://www.sociopatterns.org/) - Interdisciplinary research group that uses wireless sensors to study social network data.
-   [SoNAR-C - Social Network Analysis Research Center, University of Italian Switzerland (USi)](http://www.sonarcenter.eco.usi.ch/).
-   [Topographies of Entanglements. Mapping Medieval Networks](https://oeaw.academia.edu/TopographiesofEntanglements) - Research platform based at the Austrian Academy of Sciences that focuses on applying network theory and visualisation to medieval history.
-   [UCL Centre for Organisational Network Analysis (CONA)](https://www.ucl.ac.uk/cona).
-   [Virtual Observatory for the Study of Online Networks (VOSON)](http://vosonlab.net/) - Research and software development project located at the Australian National University.

## Review Articles

### Archeological and Historical Networks

> See also the bibliographies [by Claire Lemercier and Claire Zalc](http://www.quanti.ihmc.ens.fr/Analyse-de-reseaux-bibliographie.html) (section on ‘_études structurales_’), [by the Historical Network Research Group](http://historicalnetworkresearch.org/resources/bibliography/), and [by Tom Brughmans](https://archaeologicalnetworks.wordpress.com/network-science-bibliography/).

-   [Analyse de réseaux et histoire](https://doi.org/10.3917/rhmc.522.0088), in French (_Revue d’histoire moderne et contemporaine_, 2005).
-   [Analyser les réseaux du passé en archéologie et en histoire](https://doi.org/10.4000/nda.2300), in French (_Les Nouvelles de l’Archéologie_, 2014).
-   [Formale Methoden der Netzwerkanalyse in den Geschichtswissenschaften: Warum und Wie? [Formal Network Methods in History: Why and How?]](http://www.studienverlag.at/data.cfm?vpath=openaccess/oezg-12012-lemercier&download=yes), in German ([preprint in English](https://shs.hal.science/halshs-00521527); _Österreichische Zeitschrift für Geschichtswissenschaften_, 2012).
-   [From Hermeneutics to Data to Networks: Data Extraction and Network Visualization of Historical Sources](http://programminghistorian.org/lessons/creating-network-diagrams-from-historical-sources) (_Programming Historian_, 2015).
-   [Graph Theory and Networks in Biology](https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-syb:20060038) ([preprint](https://arxiv.org/abs/q-bio/0604006); _IET Systems Biology_, 2007).
-   [Introduction à la visualisation de données : l’analyse de réseau en histoire](https://www.martingrandjean.ch/introduction-visualisation-de-donnees-analyse-de-reseau-histoire/), in French (_Geschichte und Informatik_, 2015).
-   [Introduction : où en est l’analyse de réseaux en histoire ? [Introducción: ¿en qué punto se encuentra el análisis de redes en Historia?]](https://doi.org/10.5565/rev/redes.416), in French and [Spanish](/@harrisonqian/awesome/wiki/computer-science/spanish) (_REDES_, 2011).
-   [Networks and History](https://doi.org/10.1002/cplx.10054) (_Complexity_, 2002).
-   [Networks in Historical Research](http://www.themacroscope.org/?page_id=308) (in _The Historian’s Macroscope_, 2013).
-   [Networks of Power in Archaeology](https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-anthro-102313-025901) (_Annual Review of Anthropology_, 2014).
-   [Netzwerkanalyse in den Geschichtswissenschaften. Historische Netzwerkanalyse als Methode für die Erforschung von historischen Prozessen](https://www.researchgate.net/publication/300723171_Netzwerkanalyse_in_den_Geschichtswissenschaften_Historische_Netzwerkanalyse_als_Methode_fur_die_Erforschung_von_historischen_Prozessen), in German (_[Prozesse. Formen, Dynamiken, Erklärungen](https://www.springer.com/de/book/9783531176604)_, 2015).
-   [The Roots and Shoots of Archaeological Network Analysis: A Citation Analysis and Review of the Archaeological Use of Formal Network Methods](https://www.academia.edu/6925120/Brughmans_T._2014_._The_roots_and_shoots_of_archaeological_network_analysis_A_citation_analysis_and_review_of_the_archaeological_use_of_formal_network_methods._Archaeological_Review_from_Cambridge_29_1_) (_Archaeological Review from Cambridge_, 2014).
-   [Thinking Through Networks: A Review of Formal Network Methods in Archaeology](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10816-012-9133-8) (_Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory_, 2013).

### Bibliographic, Citation and Semantic Networks

-   [Assessing Impact and Quality from Local Dynamics of Citation Networks](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joi.2011.08.005) (_Journal of Informetrics_, 2012).
-   [Atypical Combinations and Scientific Impact](https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1240474) (_Science_, 2013).
-   [On Bibliographic Networks](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-012-0940-1) (_Scientometrics_, 2013).
-   [Dynamic Scientific Co-Authorship Networks](http://patrickdoreian.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/dynamic-scientific-coauthorship-networks.pdf) (_[Models of Science Dynamics](https://www.springer.com/us/book/9783642230677)_, 2012).
-   [Extracting Citation Networks from Publications in Classics](http://www.digitalhumanities.org/dhq/vol/10/2/000255/000255.html) (_Digital Humanities Quarterly_, 2016).
-   [Self-Citations, Co-Authorships and Keywords: A New Approach to Scientists’ Field Mobility?](https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-007-1680-5) (_Scientometrics_, 2007).
-   [Socio-Semantic Frameworks](https://doi.org/10.1142/S0219525913500136) ([preprint](http://camille.roth.free.fr/travaux/roth--sociosemantic-systems-acs-proofs.pdf); _Advances in Complex Systems_, 2013).
-   [Socio-Semantic Modeling of Epistemic Communities](https://ssrn.com/abstract=2452614) (APSA, 2014).
-   [Tradition and Innovation in Scientists’ Research Strategies](https://doi.org/10.1177/0003122415601618) (_Annual Review of Sociology_, 2015).

### Biological, Ecological and Disease Networks

-   [Biological Networks](http://kops.uni-konstanz.de/handle/123456789/25907) (_Handbook of Graph Drawing and Visualization_, 2014).
-   [Interactome Networks and Human Disease](https://barabasi.com/f/326.pdf) (_Cell_, 2011).
-   [Network Analysis: An Integrative Approach to the Structure of Psychopathology](https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-050212-185608) (_Annual Review of Clinical Psychology_, 2013).
-   [Network Biology: Understanding the Cell’s Functional Organization](https://barabasi.com/f/147.pdf) - Accessible introduction to (cellular) network analysis (_Nature Reviews Genetics_, 2004).
-   [Network Medicine: A Network-based Approach to Human Disease](https://barabasi.com/f/320.pdf) (_Nature Review Genetics_, 2011).
-   [Social Networks and the Spread of Infectious Diseases: the AIDS Example](https://doi.org/10.1016/0277-9536(85)90269-2) (_Social Networks_, 1985).
-   [Structure and Dynamics of Molecular Networks: A Novel Paradigm of Drug Discovery. A Comprehensive Review](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pharmthera.2013.01.016) - Also includes an impressive list of network analysis software (_Pharmacology & Therapeutics_, 2013).

### Complex and Multilayer Networks

-   [The Architecture of Complexity](https://barabasi.com/f/226.pdf) - From network theory to complexity theory (_IEEE Control Systems Magazine_, 2007).
-   [Complex Systems and Networks](https://www.science.org/toc/science/325/5939) (special issue of _Science_, 2009).
-   [Multilayer Networks in a Nutshell](https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-031218-013259) (_Annual Review of Condensed Matter Physics_, 2019).
-   [Statistical Mechanics of Complex Networks](https://barabasi.com/f/103.pdf) (_Reviews of Modern Physics_, 2002).
-   [The Structure and Function of Complex Networks](https://doi.org/10.1137/S003614450342480) (_SIAM Review_, 2003).

### Ethics of Network Analysis

-   [A Cautionary Note on Data Inputs and Visual Outputs in Social Network Analysis (SNA)](https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8551.2012.00835.x) ([preprint][conway2014]; _British Journal of Management_, 2014).
-   [Ethical Dilemmas in Social Network Research](https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/social-networks/vol/27/issue/2) (special issue of _Social Networks_, 2005).
-   [Ethical and Strategic Issues in Organizational Social Network Analysis](http://www.analytictech.com/borgatti/papers/ethics.pdf) (_The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science_, 2003).

[conway2014]: https://lra.le.ac.uk/bitstream/2381/36068/2/Draft%20BJM%20Revised%20(3rd%20iteration)%20Manuscript.pdf

### Network Modeling

-   [A Brief History of Statistical Models for Network Analysis and Open Challenges][fienberg2012] (_Journal of Computational and Graphical Statistics_, 2012).
-   [Basic Models and Questions in Statistical Network Analysis](https://projecteuclid.org/euclid.ssu/1504836152) (_Statistics Surveys_, 2017).
-   [Introduction to Stochastic Actor-Based Models for Network Dynamics](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socnet.2009.02.004) ([preprint](http://www.stats.ox.ac.uk/~snijders/SnijdersSteglichVdBunt2009.pdf); _Social Networks_, 2010).
-   [Navigating the Range of Statistical Tools for Inferential Network Analysis](https://doi.org/10.1111/ajps.12263) (_American Journal of Political Science_, 2017).
-   [Positional Analysis and Blockmodeling](http://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007%2F978-1-4614-1800-9_138) (_Computational Complexity_, 2012).
-   [Social Network Evolution and Actor Oriented Models](https://doi.org/10.4000/msh.2750) (_Mathematics & Social Sciences_, 1997).
-   [Statistical Models for Social Networks](https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.soc.012809.102709) (_Annual Review of Sociology_, 2011).
-   [A Survey of Statistical Network Models](https://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1734795) - Book-length review ([preprint](https://arxiv.org/abs/0912.5410); _Foundations and Trends in Machine Learning_, 2010).
-   [A Unified View of Generative Models for Networks: Models, Methods, Opportunities, and Challenges](https://arxiv.org/abs/1411.4070) ([video presentation](http://www.birs.ca/events/2015/5-day-workshops/15w5080/videos/watch/201504200944-Jacobs.html); [NIPS 2014 workshop](https://nips.cc/Conferences/2014/Schedule?type=Workshop) on “[Networks: From Graphs to Rich Data](https://410f84824e101297359cc81c78f45c7c079eb26c.googledrive.com/host/0Bz6WHrWac3FrWnA5MjZqb3lWa2c/)”).

[fienberg2012]: http://www.stat.cmu.edu/~brian/780/hw01/Fienberg%20(2012)%20A%20Brief%20History%20of%20Statistical%20Models%20for%20Network%20Analysis%20and%20Open%20Challenges.pdf

### Network Visualization

-   [Explorations into the Visualization of Policy Networks](https://www.academia.edu/17565685/Explorations_into_the_Visualization_of_Policy_Networks) (_Journal of Theoretical Politics_, 1999).
-   [Graphical Techniques for Exploring Social Network Data](http://moreno.ss.uci.edu/87.pdf) (_Models and Methods in Social Network Analysis_, 2005).
-   [Methods of Social Network Visualization](http://moreno.ss.uci.edu/90.pdf) (_Encyclopedia of Complexity and Systems Science_, 2009; [poster version](http://www.pfeffer.at/data/visposter/)).
-   [Social Networks](http://moreno.ss.uci.edu/93.pdf) (_Handbook of Graph Drawing and Visualization_, 2013).

### Social, Economic and Political Networks

> See also the bibliographies [by Eszter Hargittai](http://eszter.com/contract.html#socnet), [by Pierre François](http://pierrefrancois.wifeo.com/documents/Cours-rseau---biblio-gnrale.pdf) and [by Pierre Mercklé](http://socio.ens-lyon.fr/merckle/merckle_communications_2008_cargese_reseaux_nuls_biblio.pdf).

-   [A propos de la notion de rôle dans l’analyse des relations sociales](https://doi.org/10.4000/msh.11969) (_Mathématiques et sciences humaines_, 2011).
-   [Brokerage](https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-soc-081309-150054) (_Annual Review of Sociology_, 2012).
-   [Birds of a Feather: Homophily in Social Networks](https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.soc.27.1.415) (_Annual Review of Sociology_, 2001).
-   [Mixed-Method Approaches to Social Network Analysis](http://eprints.ncrm.ac.uk/842/) (ESRC NCRM Discussion Paper, 2010).
-   [Network Analysis and Political Science](https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.polisci.12.040907.115949) (_Annual Review of Political Science_, 2011).
-   [Network Analysis for International Relations](https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/international-organization/article/div-classtitlenetwork-analysis-for-international-relationsdiv/DE2910979C1B5C44C4CC13F336C5DE97) (_International Organization_, 2009).
-   [Network Analysis in the Social Sciences](http://science.sciencemag.org/content/323/5916/892) (_Science_, 2009).
-   [Networks and Trade](https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-[economics](/@harrisonqian/awesome/wiki/miscellaneous/economics)-080217-053506) (_Annual Review of Economics_, 2018).
-   [Networks in Social Psychology, Beginning with Kurt Lewin](http://link.springer.com/10.1007%2F978-1-4614-6170-8_79) (_[Encyclopedia of Social Network Analysis and Mining](https://www.springer.com/us/book/9781461461692)_, 2014).
-   [Networks in the Understanding of Economic Behaviors](https://www.aeaweb.org/articles?id=10.1257/jep.28.4.3) (_Journal of Economic Perspectives_, 2014).
-   [Positions and Roles](http://sk.sagepub.com/reference/the-sage-handbook-of-social-network-analysis/n29.xml) (_[The SAGE Handbook of Social Network Analysis](http://www.sagepub.in/books/Book232753/)_, 2011).
-   [The Social and the Sexual: Networks in Contemporary Demographic Research](http://repository.upenn.edu/psc_working_papers/41/) (PSC Working Paper Series, 2013).
-   [Social Network Analysis in the Study of Terrorism and Political Violence](http://journals.cambridge.org/article_S1049096510001848) ([preprint](http://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1048&context=pn_wp); _PS: Political Science and Politics_, 2011).
-   [Social Networks and Crime: Pitfalls and [Promises](/@harrisonqian/awesome/wiki/programming-languages/promises) for Advancing the Field](https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-criminol-011518-024701) (_Annual Review of Criminology_, 2019).
-   Urban Social Networks: Some Methodological Problems and Possibilities ([_The Small World_](https://www.worldcat.org/title/small-world/oclc/925078340&referer=brief_results), 1989).

## Selected Papers

> A voluntarily short list of applied, epistemological and methodological articles, many of which have become classic readings in network analysis courses. Intended for highly motivated social science students with little to no prior exposure to network analysis.

-   [Aux sources des grands réseaux d’interactions. Retour sur quelques propriétés déterminantes des réseaux sociaux issus de corpus documentaires](https://www.cairn.info/revue-reseaux1-2008-6-page-21.htm), by [Pascal](/@harrisonqian/awesome/wiki/programming-languages/pascal) Cristofoli, in French - Reviews the current state of relational sociology and network analysis in light of the large-scale and online data (_Réseaux_, 2008).
-   [Birds of a Feather, Or Friend of a Friend? Using Exponential Random Graph Models to Investigate Adolescent Social Networks](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2831261/), by Steven M. Goodreau, James A. Kitts and Martina Morris - Accessible introduction to the logic and application of exponential random graph modeling (_Demography_, 2001).
-   [Chains of Affection: The Structure of Adolescent Romantic and Sexual Networks](http://www.soc.duke.edu/~jmoody77/chains.pdf), by Peter S. Bearman, James Moody and Katherine Stovel - Classic example of topological network analysis applied to a network of affective and sexual ties (_American Journal of Sociology_, 2004).
-   [Coauthorship and Citation Patterns in the _Physical Review_](https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.88.012814), by Travis Martin _et al._ - Highly typical study of scientific publishing [productivity](/@harrisonqian/awesome/wiki/work/productivity) and collaboration through temporal network analysis ([preprint](https://arxiv.org/abs/1304.0473); _Physical Review E_, 2013).
-   [The Convergence of Social and Technological Networks](https://www.cs.cornell.edu/home/kleinber/cacm08.pdf), by Jon Kleinberg - Discusses small-world effects and social contagion within the context of the Internet and social media (_Communications of the ACM_, 2008).
-   [Deux traditions d’analyse des reseaux sociaux](https://www.cairn.info/revue-reseaux1-2002-5-page-183.htm), by Michael Eve ([English version](https://www.academia.edu/14524365/THE_TWO_TRADITIONS_OF_NETWORK_ANALYSIS); _Réseaux_, 2002).
-   [Homophily and Contagion Are Generically Confounded in Observational Social Network Studies](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3328971/), by Cosma R. Shalizi and Andrew C. Thomas - Makes a very important point for the analysis of network diffusion and influence (_Sociological Methods and Research_, 2011).
-   [La notion de réseau complexe : du réseau comme abstraction et outil à la masse de données des réseaux sociaux en ligne](https://doi.org/10.4000/communicationorganisation.4093), by Alain Barrat, in French - Accessible introduction to the study of complex networks (_Communication & Organisation_, 2013).
-   [Network Analysis, Culture, and the Problem of Agency](https://www.mustafaemirbayer.com/network-analysis-culture-and-the-pr), by Mustafa Emirbayer and Jeff Goodwin (_American Journal of Sociology_, 1994), and [Manifesto for a Relational Sociology](https://www.mustafaemirbayer.com/copy-3-of-bourdieu), by Mustafa Emirbayer (_American Journal of Sociology_, 1997) - Sociological foundations for a science of social ties.
-   [Network Theory, Plot Analysis](https://sydney.edu.au/intellectual-history/documents/moretti_network_theory_plot_analysis.pdf), by Franco Moretti - Example applications of (fictional) network analysis in literary studies (_New Left Review_, 2011).
-   [Node Centrality in Weighted Networks: Generalizing Degree and Shortest Paths](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socnet.2010.03.006), by Tore Opsahl, Filip Agneessens and John Skvoretz - Explores the generalization of network centrality and distance measures to (positively) valued graphs (_Social Networks_, 2010; [companion website](https://toreopsahl.com/tnet/)).
-   [Scale-Free Networks](https://barabasi.com/f/124.pdf), by Albert-László Barabási and Eric Bonabeau - Early, accessible formulation of the “networks are everywhere” argument (_Scientific American_, 2003).
-   [Social Networks and Causal Inference](http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-94-007-6094-3_17), by Tyler J. VanderWeele and Weihua An - Reviews the different ways in which network analysis can produce meaningful causal statements, as well as the inherent limits of network analysis for doing so (_[Handbook of Causal Analysis for Social Research](http://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-94-007-6094-3)_, 2013).
-   [The Performativity of Networks](https://kieranhealy.org/files/papers/performativity.pdf), by Kieran Healy - Network analysis meets science studies: social networks, like financial markets, are highly subject to performativity, i.e. the possibility that reality might be altered by its theoretical inquiry (_European Journal of Sociology_, 2015).
-   [Revisiting the Foundations of Network Analysis](http://science.sciencemag.org/content/325/5939/414), by Carter T. Butts - On choosing the right network representation to frame a research problem.
-   [Robust Action and the Rise of the Medici, 1400-1434](http://home.uchicago.edu/~jpadgett/papers/published/robust.pdf), by John F. Padgett and Christopher K. Ansell - Classic analysis of power relations in the Renaissance Florentine state (_American Journal of Sociology_, 1993).
-   [The Strength of Weak Ties](https://sociology.stanford.edu/sites/default/files/publications/the_strength_of_weak_ties_and_exch_w-gans.pdf), by Mark Granovetter - Arch-classic example of applying network analysis to a social issue: jobseeking (_American Journal of Sociology_, 1973).
-   [The Ties that Divide: A Network Analysis of the International Monetary System, 1890–1910](http://www.stats.ox.ac.uk/~snijders/FlandreauJobst2005.pdf) (_The Journal of Economic History_, 2005) and [The Empirics of International Currencies: Network Externalities, History and Persistence](https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0297.2009.02219.x) (_The Economic Journal_, 2009), both by Marc Flandreau and Clemens Jobst - Network analysis of the foreign exchange system in the late 19th century ([data](http://eh.net/database/international-currencies-1890-1910/)).
-   [Topics in Social Network Analysis and Network Science](https://arxiv.org/abs/1404.0067), by A. James O’Malley and Jukka-Pekka Onnela - 50-page introduction to network analysis, with just the right amount of detail on all aspects of it (_The Handbook of Health Services Research_, forthcoming 2017).

## Software

> For a hint of why this section of the list might be useful to some, see [Mark Round’s Map of Data Formats and Software Tools](http://mdround.blogs.com/usingnetworks/2009/07/sna-tools-and-formats-diagram-updated.html) (2009).  
> Several links in this section come from the [NetWiki Shared Code](http://netwiki.amath.unc.edu/SharedCode/SharedCode) page, from the Cambridge Networks Network [List of Resources for Complex Network Analysis](http://www.cnn.group.cam.ac.uk/Resources), and from the [Software for Social Network Analysis](http://www.gmw.rug.nl/~huisman/sna/software.html) page by Mark Huisman and Marijtje A.J. van Duijn. For a recent academic review on the subject, see the [Social Network Algorithms and Software](https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-097086-8.43121-1) entry of the _International Encyclopedia of Social and Behavioral Sciences_, 2nd edition (2015).  
> See also the [Social Network Analysis Project Survey](https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1Xo-ehJatzmxMek6gPG0h-d7yRSuiO6_flViTQNMAku0/edit#gid=0) ([blog post](http://pudo.org/blog/2013/12/21/sna-survey.html)), an earlier attempt to chart social network analysis tools that links to many commercial platforms not included in this list, such as [Detective.io](http://www.detective.io/). The Wikipedia English entry on [Social Network Analysis Software](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_network_analysis_software) also links to many commercial that are often very expensive, outdated, and far from being awesome by any reasonable standard.  
> Software-centric tutorials are listed below their program of choice: other tutorials are listed [in the next section](#tutorials).

-   [ArcGIS Network Analyst](http://www.esri.com/software/arcgis/extensions/networkanalyst) - Network-based spatial analysis software for solving complex routing problems.
-   [CFinder](http://www.cfinder.org/) - [Cross-platform](/@harrisonqian/awesome/wiki/platforms/cross-platform) [Java](/@harrisonqian/awesome/wiki/programming-languages/java) program to identify clusters and [communities](/@harrisonqian/awesome/wiki/work/communities) through the Clique Percolation Method (CPM).
-   [Circos](http://circos.ca/) - [Cross-platform](/@harrisonqian/awesome/wiki/platforms/cross-platform) program to produce circular layouts of network data, written in [Perl](/@harrisonqian/awesome/wiki/programming-languages/perl).
-   [Cytoscape](http://www.cytoscape.org/) - [Cross-platform](/@harrisonqian/awesome/wiki/platforms/cross-platform) [Java](/@harrisonqian/awesome/wiki/programming-languages/java) program to build, analyze and visualize networks. Also a [JavaScript](/@harrisonqian/awesome/wiki/programming-languages/javascript) library.
    -   [Network Analysis with Cytoscape Tutorial](https://archaeologicalnetworks.wordpress.com/resources/#cytoscape) - Illustrated through an archaeological and geographical case study (2013).
-   [Discourse Network Analyzer (DNA)](http://www.philipleifeld.com/discourse-network-analyzer/discourse-network-analyzer-dna.html) - Qualitative content analysis tool with network export facilities, written in [Java](/@harrisonqian/awesome/wiki/programming-languages/java) with R [integration](/@harrisonqian/awesome/wiki/platforms/integration).
-   [E-Net](https://sites.google.com/site/enetsoftware1/) - [Windows](/@harrisonqian/awesome/wiki/platforms/windows) program for ego network analysis.
-   [EgoNet](https://sourceforge.net/projects/egonet/) - [Cross-platform](/@harrisonqian/awesome/wiki/platforms/cross-platform) [Java](/@harrisonqian/awesome/wiki/programming-languages/java) program for ego network analysis.
-   [EgoWeb](https://www.qualintitative.com/egoweb/) - Server-side software for social network data collection and processing.
-   [easyN](http://www.esyn.org/) - Online tool aimed at representing and sharing gene interaction networks as well as Petri net models.
-   [Gephi](https://gephi.org/) - [Cross-platform](/@harrisonqian/awesome/wiki/platforms/cross-platform), free and open source tool for network visualization.
    -   [Clément Levallois’ Gephi Tutorials](https://seinecle.[github](/@harrisonqian/awesome/wiki/development-environment/github).io/gephi-tutorials/).
    -   [Geographische Netzwerkvisualisierung mit dem Programm ‘Gephi’](http://www.podcampus.de/nodes/RJVZo), in German (2016).
    -   [Introduction to Network Analysis and Visualization with Gephi](http://www.martingrandjean.ch/gephi-introduction/) (2015).
    -   [Practical Social Network Analysis With Gephi](http://derekgreene.com/gephitutorial/) (2014).
-   [GLEAMviz Simulator](http://www.gleamviz.org/) - [Cross-platform](/@harrisonqian/awesome/wiki/platforms/cross-platform) tool intended for the prediction of human epidemics.
-   [Graph Commons](https://graphcommons.com/) - Collaborative platform for mapping, analyzing and publishing data-networks.

---
*truncated — [full list on GitHub](https://github.com/briatte/awesome-network-analysis)*
